Budget-friendly Debt vs equity funding

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Funding a foreign subsidiary with debt or equity is a tax decision made at incorporation and paid for over a decade. Budget-friendly debt vs equity funding with a fixed fee agreed in writing before any work starts. Call the 24-hour helpline on +1 (416) 619-0068, or request a written quote today.

+1 (416) 619-0068 See fixed fees
  • 15+Years of cross-border experience
  • 18,000+Clients served
  • 5.0Google rating
  • 4Global offices — India, USA, Canada & UAE
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Secure a fixed quote

Whatever documents you hold are enough to begin: we read them and put a fixed price in writing first.

24-hour helpline: +1 (416) 619-0068
  • Offices in India, the USA, Canada and the UAE
  • 15+ years of cross-border experience
  • Fixed fee agreed before work starts
The short answer

Funding a foreign subsidiary with debt or equity is a tax decision made at incorporation and paid for over a decade. Debt creates deductible interest subject to capital-structure limits and transfer pricing, with withholding on payment.

Who has to deal with this

  • Your entity is treated differently by each of the two countries
  • You are planning a reorganisation, a sale or a wind-up
  • The structure was built one decision at a time and never reviewed
  • A dormant entity is still generating filing obligations
  • Your intercompany agreements do not match what the entities actually do

If more than one of those is true, this is your page. If none of them is, tell us on a call and we will point you at the right one — that happens often enough that we would rather you asked.

Two of the firm’s advisers at a desk in the Delhi office

Debt vs equity funding — priced before we start

Debt versus equity funding is priced on how many countries the subsidiary capital touches and on whether you are structuring a new entity or unpicking loans already advanced. A fresh incorporation is one decision documented well; existing intercompany debt means reviewing the agreements, the withholding history and how each side characterises the instrument.

PE / structure opinion — fixed-fee price

From $999

fixed, quoted before work starts

A written opinion on whether the activity creates a taxable presence, what would be attributable to it if it did, and what could be changed to alter the answer.
See the full fee page

T2 with foreign income — fixed-fee price

From $999

fixed, quoted before work starts

The Canadian corporate return with the cross-border schedules that travel with it — foreign income, payments to non-residents, and the foreign affiliate flags.
See the full fee page

Corporate cross-border filing

From $999

fixed, quoted before work starts

Corporate compliance for a group that trades or holds assets in more than one country, prepared on both sides together.
See the fee schedule

Transfer pricing documentation

From $2,500

fixed, quoted before work starts

The transfer pricing file a group needs when goods, services or finance move between its own companies across a border.
See the fee schedule

Payroll & mobility setup

From $999

fixed, quoted before work starts

What an employer owes when an employee works in another country: the registrations, the withholding and the reporting that follow.
See the fee schedule

Individual tax filing

From $349

fixed, quoted before work starts

One engagement for a personal return that touches more than one country: the income, the assets held abroad and the relief claimed against them.
See the fee schedule

Foreign asset & information reporting

From $349

fixed, quoted before work starts

The information returns that carry the heaviest penalties — foreign accounts, foreign property, foreign affiliates — prepared from one asset list.
See the fee schedule

Non-resident & departure filings

From $349

fixed, quoted before work starts

The filings that follow a move: the departure year, the arrival year, and the income that keeps arriving from the country behind you.
See the fee schedule

All published fees on one page — the complete list of what each engagement costs, stated as figures rather than ranges.

What the rule does, step by step

Funding a foreign subsidiary with debt or equity is a tax decision made at incorporation and paid for over a decade.

Debt creates deductible interest subject to capital-structure limits and transfer pricing, with withholding on payment. Equity creates dividends with their own withholding rate and surplus consequences. Hybrid instruments risk being recharacterised in one country.

That mechanism has a practical edge to it: it rewards preparation and punishes discovery. A filer who maps the obligation before the year ends is choosing between options; a filer who finds it afterwards is usually choosing between remedies.

Where the position depends on a threshold, a rate or a day count, we confirm it against the issuing authority for your own tax year before it goes on a return. Where a figure cannot be verified for your year, we set out the mechanism and quote no number — a wrong threshold on a filed return is worse than an explained one. See also Indian company setting up in Canada and branch or subsidiary — which and why.

What we actually file

  • Corporate returns in each jurisdiction with their cross-border schedules
  • Foreign affiliate, controlled-corporation and related-party information returns
  • Classification and rollover elections, filed on time
  • Withholding returns and slips on distributions
  • Surplus and attributed-income computations per entity

Worked through with figures

Put numbers against it and the shape of the answer is obvious.

Credit relief on one stream of income

Take C$60,000 of income taxed in both countries. Assume the other country charged 32% on it and the home country would charge 28% on the same amount.

ItemAmount
Income taxed in both countriesC$60,000
Tax paid abroad (assumed 32%)C$19,200
Home tax on the same income (assumed 28%)C$16,800
Credit available (lesser of the two)C$16,800
Home tax still payableC$0

The credit fully absorbs the home liability on this income, so nothing further is payable at home — but the return still has to be filed and the credit still has to be claimed, by category and by country. The interesting question is where your own figures fall relative to that, which is a computation rather than an opinion.

Treat these numbers as a worked example rather than advice — they exist to make the mechanics visible, and the rates and thresholds are assumed for the illustration. For a real filing, we verify each figure with the authority that publishes it, for your year.

From first call to filed

  1. 1We start with the chronology: dates, countries, and what has already been filed
  2. 2You get the scope and the fee in writing before we touch anything
  3. 3The work is prepared and reviewed by a named person, not a queue
  4. 4Nothing is filed until you have read it

The fixed fee

The fee is fixed and agreed in writing before work begins, based on the scope established on the first call. Nothing is billed by the hour, and the number does not move once it is agreed. Comparable engagements and their fixed fees are set out on the pricing pages.

  • Fixed fees agreed before any work starts, so the number in the quote is the number on the invoice.
  • Nothing is filed until you have read it.
  • Documents move through an access-controlled portal rather than email.

How to get this moving

One call is usually enough to know whether this is a filing or a project. One call to our 24-hour helpline is usually enough to tell you whether this is a filing or a project, and what each would cost. The call is free, and we will say so if the answer is that you do not need us.

Reviewed for accuracy for the 2025 and 2026 filing seasons by Udit Gupta, Cross-Border Tax Expert, Legal Quotient Consultants. Published as general information. For a position on your own file, call the 24-hour helpline.

Where business tax advisory comes into this file

Readers arrive here searching for business tax advisory, and debt vs equity funding is what the page is about. Below: who it catches, what has to be filed, and what it costs — quoted in writing, before anything is done.

Funding a foreign subsidiary with debt or equity is a tax decision made at incorporation and paid for over a decade.

How the engagement runs, phase by phase

  1. Start with a conversation about the facts

    Dates, residence, where the income arose. Fifteen minutes is usually enough to know what applies.

  2. Scope and price, both written down

    You get the scope and the fixed fee together, so there is no question later about what was included.

  3. Prepared by one team, reviewed by a named practitioner

    The same people see both sides of the file, and the reviewer signs their name to it.

  4. Filed, then followed through

    Submission is not the end of the engagement — the queries that arrive afterwards are part of it.

The difference a dedicated cross-border team makes

Factor Legal Quotient Hourly billing model
Pricing A fixed fee, agreed in writing before work starts Hourly, billed as incurred
Experience 15+ years of cross-border work, 18,000+ clients Varies by file
Both sides of the border Prepared together by one team, so relief is claimed exactly once One country at a time, reconciled later
Who reviews it A named practitioner, published on the page Whoever the queue reaches
Where the work happens Our offices in India, the USA, Canada and the UAE Whichever single office you can travel to

Key terms behind this page, defined

Country-by-country report
A group-level report of revenue, profit, tax, employees and assets per jurisdiction, exchanged between authorities and read alongside local files.
Treaty shopping
Routing income through a third country to access a treaty rate. Anti-abuse tests are written specifically to identify and deny it.
Form 5471
The US information return for an interest in a foreign corporation, requiring foreign accounts restated to US principles.
Secure portal
An access-controlled channel for tax documents, used because tax records are the most sensitive papers most people own.
debt vs equity funding: The practitioner's note

Debt creates deductible interest subject to capital-structure limits and transfer pricing, with withholding on payment.

Whatever the file turns out to involve, the terms do not move: the scope and the fee are agreed in writing before any work starts, a named practitioner reviews the result, and nothing is filed until you have approved it.

Fixed fees around debt vs equity funding

The other driver is what has to be produced at the end. A funding recommendation for your own board is shorter than a documented position that the interest is deductible, which needs the capital-structure limits tested and the intercompany terms supported. Both are quoted as a fixed fee in writing first.

Transfer pricing documentation

$2,500fixed, before work starts

Covers: Local file, master file and benchmarking for groups trading across borders, documented to the standard the authority expects.

See this fee page

Corporate cross-border filing

$999fixed, before work starts

Covers: Returns for companies with foreign subsidiaries, foreign income or foreign shareholders, and the schedules each of those triggers.

See this fee page

Payroll & mobility setup

$999fixed, before work starts

Covers: Payroll set up for a workforce split across countries, including the relief that stops the same salary being withheld on twice.

See this fee page

Why choose Legal Quotient for debt vs equity funding

4 global offices

Meet us in person in India, the USA, Canada and the UAE, or send everything through the secure portal — the same process either way.

One team, not two firms billing separately

You are not the go-between for two sets of advisers with two sets of assumptions. One engagement covers each country the file touches.

Late and missed years are ordinary work

An unfiled history is not a reason to wait longer. We assess what is still open and what relief the delay attracts before the first return goes in.

You deal with the person who did the work

The practitioner who prepared and reviewed your file is the one who answers the question about it.

Two of the firm’s advisers at the glass desk in the Delhi office

Debt vs equity funding — the four phases

Step 1

The opening call

A short call to work out what actually applies to you and what does not

Step 2

Scope in writing

A written quote against a defined scope, with nothing billed by the hour

Step 3

Prepared and checked

We prepare, a named reviewer checks it, and you see it before it goes

Step 4

Filed, then supported

You approve, we file, and only then do you pay

The team at work in the open-plan office

A fixed quote first, in writing

  • Step 1: Send what you already have – Slips, statements, prior returns — in any order. We list what is still needed after reading them.
  • Step 2: A fee agreed in writing – Quoted from those documents, before the work starts, and it does not move once you accept it.
  • Step 3: Each side drafted against the other – The returns are built together rather than in sequence, so relief is claimed once and in the right country.
  • Step 4: You approve before it is filed – The finished return comes to you first. Nothing is submitted on your behalf unseen.

Quoted up front, in writing.

Contact Us 24-hour helpline +1 (416) 619-0068

Where to go next

Browse sideways: the pages below answer the neighbouring questions.

Core services for this situation

Resale price & cost plus methods The full guide to resale price & cost plus methods, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Life insurance across borders Its own page: life insurance across borders — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Selling into the US without a US entity Everything on selling into the US without a US entity, at the same depth as this page.
Residency planning Residency planning — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Form 49AA — PAN (non-residents) (India) The full guide to form 49aa India, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
183-day rules in practice Its own page: 183-day rules in practice — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
US person married to a non-resident spouse Everything on US person married non-resident spouse, at the same depth as this page.
Form T1141 — transfers to a non-resident trust T1141 transfers non-resident trust — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Share buyback and capital reduction tax The full guide to share buyback and capital reduction tax, with the fee fixed before any work starts.

Who we bring this work to

Twitch & live streamers — what we charge The full guide to twitch & live streamers what we charge, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
IT contractors — what you owe in each country Its own page: it contractors what you owe in each country — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Manufacturers cross-border tax Everything on manufacturers cross border tax, at the same depth as this page.
Tax for civil & structural engineers Civil & structural engineers tax — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Tax for authors & screenwriters The full guide to authors & screenwriters tax, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Airline pilots — your filing calendar Its own page: airline pilots your filing calendar — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Tax for mechanical & electrical engineers Everything on mechanical & electrical engineers tax, at the same depth as this page.
Management consultants — relief you're probably missing Management consultants relief you're probably missing — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Technology & SaaS — relief you're probably missing The full guide to technology & saas relief you're probably missing, with the fee fixed before any work starts.

The corridors we work every week

Japan tax for expats — country guide The full guide to Japan tax for expats, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Argentina tax for expats — country guide Its own page: Argentina tax for expats — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Poland tax for expats — country guide Everything on Poland tax for expats, at the same depth as this page.
Russia tax for expats — country guide Russia tax for expats — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Cyprus tax for expats — country guide The full guide to Cyprus tax for expats, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Kazakhstan tax for expats — country guide Its own page: kazakhstan tax for expats — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Greece tax for expats — country guide Everything on Greece tax for expats, at the same depth as this page.
Jordan tax for expats — country guide Jordan tax for expats — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Canada–United Kingdom tax corridor The full guide to Canada United Kingdom tax, with the fee fixed before any work starts.

The people on your file

Five named practitioners, each with the part of a cross-border file they carry. Every page on this site says who reviewed it, and the reviewer is one of these people rather than an unnamed team.

Udit Gupta

Udit Gupta

Cross-Border Tax Expert

CA (ICAI), In-Depth Tax Trained

Reviews and signs off the practice's cross-border positions, and carries final responsibility for the treaty analysis on every file that leaves the office.

Abhinav Gupta

Abhinav Gupta

Canada Tax / International Tax

Canada Tax, International Tax, Cross-Border Tax, Transfer Pricing

Canadian returns with foreign income, non-resident filings, and the transfer-pricing documentation that runs alongside intercompany work.

Raghav Gupta

Raghav Gupta

International Tax

International Tax, Transfer Pricing Specialist

Benchmarking, method selection and the local-file and master-file sets that support a group's pricing policy under examination.

Anmol Mittal

Anmol Mittal

Canada and US tax

CPA Canada, CPA USA, CA (ICAI)

Files that have to be right on both sides of the border at once — dual filings, streamlined catch-ups, and the foreign tax credit reconciliation between them.

Vinayak Indolia

Vinayak Indolia

CFO advisory

CPA, CA. Fractional CFO and Senior Advisory Specialist

Groups that need the tax position and the finance function to agree: structure reviews, intercompany policy, and the reporting a board can act on.

Meet the whole team

Cross-border tax case studies

Case study 1

Fifteen Per Cent Held Back From a Fee for Services in Canada

A payer must withhold from fees paid to a non-resident for services rendered in Canada, whether or not any tax is ultimately owed. A waiver applied for before the work is invoiced avoids the withholding; after it, the money comes back through a return.

Read how this one runs
Case study 2

Paying a Dividend Up to a Foreign Parent

The withholding rate depends on the treaty, on the size of the holding, and on whether the parent is the beneficial owner rather than a conduit. Establishing all three before the payment is what secures the lower rate at source.

Read how this one runs
Case study 3

US Estate Tax on Assets a Canadian Did Not Know Were Exposed

US shares and US real estate sit inside the US estate tax net regardless of where the owner lives. The treaty provides relief that is proportionate rather than automatic, and the calculation depends on the worldwide estate.

Read how this one runs
Case study 4

A Shareholder Loan Across a Border at No Interest

An interest-free loan between related companies is priced as if it carried interest, and in some cases a deemed benefit follows as well. The file sets a rate against the borrower's own credit profile and documents the terms that support it.

Read how this one runs
Case study 5

An Estate Using Its Graduated Rates in Time

The favourable rate treatment an estate can access is time-limited and conditional, and it is lost by administration rather than by decision. The file identifies the window and the filings that keep it open.

Read how this one runs
Case study 6

Documentation Requested, and the Deadline Is Not Extendable

Contemporaneous documentation has to exist by the filing deadline, not be assembled when it is asked for, and the penalty protection turns on that timing. The engagement produces the analysis for the year in question and puts a repeatable process behind the next one.

Read how this one runs
Case study 7

An NRI Selling Indian Property With Tax Withheld on the Price

Withholding on a sale by a non-resident is applied to the sale value rather than to the gain, so it routinely exceeds the tax due. A lower-deduction certificate obtained before completion avoids locking the difference up until a return is assessed.

Read how this one runs
Case study 8

A US Citizen Settled in India, Filing on Both Sides

Residence in India and citizenship in the United States produce two annual returns for one income. The order decides the credit, and the Indian financial year and the US calendar year have to be reconciled before either is prepared.

Read how this one runs

All case studies — every published engagement in one place.

Delivery, coverage and how we work

Each of these carries its own guide, pricing pointers and FAQ.

Where the work is delivered

More coverage detail

Core International & Cross-Border Tax Services

International Tax Planning & Advisory

Strategy and compliance for income, assets and families spread across borders.

Treaty residency & tie-breaker
FATCA reporting (Form 8938)
Foreign tax credit (Form 1116)
Multi-country filing calendar
Real estate holding structures
International tax planning
Pre-immigration tax planning
Family office structures
One coordinating team: filings on every side of the border are sequenced so treaty relief and foreign tax credits are claimed once — and in the right country.

U.S. & Cross-Border Tax Returns

Form 1040 from abroad
US state non-resident returns
FBAR (FinCEN 114) filing
Form 5472 — foreign-owned US corp
FIRPTA withholding (Form 8288)
US estate tax exposure
IRS streamlined foreign offshore
PFIC reporting (Form 8621)
Dual filers: U.S. citizens in Canada and Canadians with U.S. income run two parallel systems — we prepare both, in the right order, every year.

Expat & Emigration Tax

Departure tax leaving Canada
T1161 properties on emigration
Residency planning
Step-up in cost base on arrival
Split-year residency
Employment income under a treaty
Social security totalization
Returning to Canada after years abroad
The move year is its own project: the elections and valuations filed that year decide the next decade of both countries’ returns.

Non-Resident Canadian Tax

Section 216 rental return
NR4 & NR6 withholding
Section 217 pension return
Section 116 clearance certificate
Regulation 105 waiver
Non-resident employment income
Taxable Canadian property
Part XIII withholding review
Default withholding is 25% of gross: elective returns routinely turn over-withheld rent and pensions into refunds.

Transfer Pricing & BEPS

s.247 contemporaneous documentation
Functional & risk analysis
Benchmarking study
Intercompany agreements
Country-by-country report
BEPS & Pillar Two
Permanent establishment risk
TP audit defence file
Documentation prepared with the return is the cheapest insurance in international tax; reconstructing it during an audit is the most expensive.

Cross-Border Estates & Trusts

Cross-border wills
US estate tax for non-resident aliens
Terminal return & clearance certificate
Non-resident trusts (s.94)
T1141 & T1142 trust reporting
Inheriting property abroad
Graduated rate estates
Post-mortem planning & pipeline
Wills drafted for one country routinely misfire in the other — deemed disposition here, estate tax there, credits in between.

Cross-Border Corporate Tax

Entity selection across borders
Business profits & PE
Intercompany loans & thin cap
Paying dividends to a foreign parent
Global mobility & day tracking
Debt vs equity funding
Branch or subsidiary
Cross-border M&A due diligence
Expansion raises the same four questions every time — entity, PE, repatriation, payroll. We answer them before the tax authorities do.

India Tax for NRIs & Returning Residents

NRI residency day tests
NRE, NRO & FCNR accounts
TDS on property (s.195)
Lower or nil TDS certificate
Repatriating sale proceeds
Capital gains on Indian shares
India–Canada DTAA
ITR-2 for NRIs
The deduction is taken on the sale price, not the gain — which is why an NRI property sale strands cash unless the certificate is applied for before closing.

Canadian Tax with a Foreign Element

T1135 foreign property
T1134 foreign affiliates
Departure tax
Newcomer's first return
Returning to Canada
Split-year residency
US citizens in Canada
Canada–US corridor
Residency is decided on facts, not on a form — and the year you arrive or leave is the one where the largest amounts turn on the smallest details.

UAE Tax for Expats & Their Home Country

Expat tax in the UAE
Moving to the UAE
Moving back from the UAE
UAE property purchases
Retiring in the UAE
Canada–UAE corridor
India–UAE DTAA
US–UAE corridor
A zero-tax country is only half the answer — the question that decides the bill is whether the country you came from still treats you as resident.

Industries & Client Types We Serve Worldwide

Global E-commerce & Marketplaces
Technology & SaaS
Professional Services Firms
Cross-Border Real Estate
Importers, Exporters & Manufacturers
Athletes, Artists & Entertainers
Remote Workers & Digital Nomads
Investment Funds & Holding Companies

Global E-commerce & Marketplaces

  • Foreign VAT / GST / sales tax registrations
  • Marketplace withholding reviews
  • Inventory nexus & PE analysis
  • Multi-currency books reconciled
Explore E-commerce & Marketplaces

Technology & SaaS

  • Cross-border revenue sourcing & withholding
  • IP structuring with real substance
  • Equity for cross-border teams
  • U.S. expansion: entity & PE setup
Explore Technology & SaaS

Importers, Exporters & Manufacturers

  • Transfer pricing documentation (s.247)
  • Customs value vs transfer price
  • Foreign affiliate reporting (T1134)
  • Country-by-country reporting
Explore Trade & Manufacturing

Athletes, Artists & Entertainers

  • Reg 105 & U.S. CWA agreements
  • Multi-state & country calendars
  • Touring income allocation
  • Royalty & image-rights withholding
Explore Athletes & Entertainers

Remote Workers & Digital Nomads

  • Residency analysis before moving
  • Employer payroll exposure
  • Totalization & social security
  • Foreign tax credits
Explore Remote Workers

Investment Funds & Holding Companies

Holding structures live or die on treaty access, beneficial ownership and substance — the MLI's principal-purpose test now sits over every arrangement.

A holding structure is only as good as its reporting. Foreign affiliates, accrued passive income and distributions each carry their own return, and the penalties on those attach to the form rather than to any tax being owed — so a structure that saves tax can still cost money if the information returns are late.

  • Treaty access & PPT reviews
  • FAPI & surplus computations
  • Withholding-efficient routing
  • Governance & substance
Explore Funds & Holdcos

Debt vs equity funding — questions we are asked

Debt vs equity funding — how much of this can I do myself?

Some of it, yes — and we will say so on the call if that is the honest answer. The parts that are worth paying for are the ones where a missed election, a missed deadline or an unverified threshold costs more than the fee: debt creates deductible interest subject to capital-structure limits and transfer pricing, with withholding on payment.

What if I have already filed and got it wrong?

That is a common starting point. We re-derive the position, identify whether an amendment or a disclosure route is the right vehicle, and tell you which one preserves the relief that is still available. The order matters more than the speed.

How long will it take?

It depends on the documents rather than on us. Once the pack is complete most filings turn around inside a fortnight; anything that needs a certificate from a tax authority runs on that authority's timetable, which we tell you at the start rather than at the end.

How does the treaty tie-breaker work when both countries say I am resident?

As a sequence, stopping at the first test that gives an answer: where you have a permanent home available; if in both or neither, where your centre of vital interests is; then habitual abode; then nationality; and if all of those tie, the two tax authorities decide by agreement. It is evidential rather than elective — you do not choose your treaty residence, you demonstrate it, which makes the record of homes, family and time the substance of the claim. See tie-breaking dual residency.

What happens if I have not filed for several years?

Missed years are handled as one package, not one at a time, because the route chosen for the first year determines the relief available for the rest. Each country has a disclosure or relief programme with its own conditions, and entering the right one — before the authority contacts you — is usually what keeps penalties down. Filing quietly outside a programme forfeits that protection. See catching up on missed returns.

How many days can I spend in a country before I become tax resident?

It depends on the country, and a day count is only ever the start. Many use a threshold in a tax year, some also look at averages across several years, and some have no day test at all and decide on where your home and life are. Two countries can both conclude you are resident, which is what the treaty tie-breaker exists to settle. Counting days without checking the tie-breaker is how people end up filing as resident nowhere. See the residency tie-breaker.

When do I pay?

After the work is finished and you have approved it. You see the completed return or filing before any payment is made.

Do you sign the return as preparer?

Where the filing requires a preparer identification, yes. The named reviewer appears on the advice either way, so you always know who stands behind the position.

Tax terms explained

PANSafe harbourLRSNRE accountTaxpayer reliefVirtual digital assetForm 8865Chapter 4 withholdingTax homeForeign tax creditSubpart F incomeWorldwide incomeProtective returnReassessment period Browse the full A–Z glossary

Related pages

More in this section

All indirect, crypto & advisorySubstance requirements in practiceFamily office structuresDigital services & the marketplace rulesHybrid entities & mismatchesPre-immigration tax planningCrypto trading vs investing

Adjacent services

US citizen living in IndiaCanadian selling US property — capital gains on the sale (FIRPTA)Local resident director services in the USCanadian subsidiary — cross-border compliance red flagsRegistering for a US EIN & state nexusForeign-owned Canadian company — filings

Short answers

Debt vs equity funding — what should I check first?
Fixed fee agreed before we start

A fixed fee for debt vs equity funding

One short call, one fixed quote in writing, and your approval before anything is filed.

Contact Us 24-hour helpline +1 (416) 619-0068 See fixed fees
  • 24-hour helpline, +1 (416) 619-0068
  • Offices in India, the USA, Canada and the UAE
  • A named reviewer signs off every filing

Our practitioners are alumni of leading accounting and tax institutions

Where our partners studied — CPA Canada (In-Depth Tax Program), AICPA, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the Malaysian Institute of Accountants.

Request a Quote +1 (416) 619-0068