Cross-border tax answers

Direct answers to the questions we are actually asked, each one reviewed and dated.

  • 15+Years of cross-border experience
  • 18,000+Clients served
  • 5.0Google rating
  • 4Global offices — India, USA, Canada & UAE
  • 15+ years of cross-border experience
  • Fixed fee agreed before work starts
  • 24-hour helpline: +1 (416) 619-0068
What is on this page

807 pages in this section. Direct answers to the questions we are actually asked, each one reviewed and dated.

Every page in this section is written to the same standard: it opens with the block that exists nowhere else on the site — a threshold, a treaty article, a rule that applies to one group and not the one beside it — and it carries one worked example, worked through in full rather than a set of generalities.

Where a page needs a statutory threshold, a rate or a day-count, that figure is verified against the issuing authority before it ships. Where it cannot be verified for the year in question, the page states the mechanism and quotes no number, because a wrong threshold on a page like this is worse than no page at all. Every statutory page also carries the name of the person who reviewed it and the date they did.

Fees are fixed and agreed in writing before any work begins, and you review the finished work before it is filed. Documents move through a secure portal and you can meet us at any of our offices, so where you are makes no difference to how it works.

Showing all 807 pages.

How an occupation is taxed 61

Late filing penalties — US & FinCEN forms 60

What to check first 60

Late filing penalties — Canadian (CRA) forms 56

Late filing penalties — Indian forms 45

What do I have to file 40

Where do I start 40

Tax steps for a business move 37

What India requires 36

How a treaty works in practice 30

  • Rated 5.0 out of 5 stars on Google, on a profile open for you to read.
  • A named reviewer signs off every statutory filing.
  • Consultations scheduled to your working day rather than ours.

Reviewed for accuracy for the 2025 and 2026 filing seasons by Udit Gupta, Cross-Border Tax Expert, Legal Quotient Consultants. This is general information rather than advice about your file — a short call is the way to get the second.

What people ask us first

What does the Cross-border tax answers section cover?

807 pages. Direct answers to the questions we are actually asked, each one reviewed and dated. Each one opens with the part that applies to that situation and nowhere else — a threshold, a treaty article, a filing that one group owes and the group beside it does not — and works one example through in full.

How are fees set for cross-border tax answers?

The fee is fixed and agreed in writing before any work begins, priced from the documents you send rather than estimated afterwards, and it does not move once accepted. You see the finished work and approve it before anything is filed.

Who checks the work before it is filed?

A named adviser reviews every return and every information filing before it goes out, and the statutory pages on this site carry the name of the person who reviewed them and the date they did it. You approve the finished work yourself as the last step.

How do I get a quote for cross-border tax answers?

Send what you have — a return, a notice, a set of statements, in whatever state it is in — through the secure portal after the first call, and you get a written fixed fee back. Or call the 24-hour helpline on +1 (416) 619-0068 and we will tell you what is needed.

No hourly billing, ever

Talk to us about cross-border tax answers

Send us the facts. You will get a scope and a fixed fee in writing, and nothing starts until you agree to both.

  • Your existing accountant keeps the domestic file
  • Rated 5.0 out of 5 stars on Google
  • A named reviewer signs off every filing

The difference a dedicated cross-border team makes

Filed with the authority, not just prepared

The engagement runs to submission and to the correspondence that follows it, including the queries that arrive months later.

Both sides prepared together

Two returns built against each other by one team, so relief is claimed exactly once and nothing falls between the two systems.

A named reviewer on every file

Every page on this site and every file we deliver says which practitioner reviewed it — a person, not a team inbox.

Residence is tested, not assumed

Where you are resident for treaty purposes is a question with a method. We work through it and write down the answer, with the facts it rests on.

Two of the firm’s advisers at the glass desk in the Delhi office
The team at work in the open-plan office

How the work runs — quote first, then the work

  • Step 1: Start with a conversation about the facts – Dates, residence, where the income arose. Fifteen minutes is usually enough to know what applies.
  • Step 2: Scope and price, both written down – You get the scope and the fixed fee together, so there is no question later about what was included.
  • Step 3: Prepared by one team, reviewed by a named practitioner – The same people see both sides of the file, and the reviewer signs their name to it.
  • Step 4: Filed, then followed through – Submission is not the end of the engagement — the queries that arrive afterwards are part of it.

Quoted up front, in writing.

Contact Us 24-hour helpline +1 (416) 619-0068

More of the same work, from other angles

Browse sideways: the pages below answer the neighbouring questions.

Core services for this situation

Repatriating sale proceeds out of India Everything on repatriating sale proceeds out of India, at the same depth as this page.
Tax risk register for cross-border groups Tax risk register for cross-border groups — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Simplified vs normal GST/HST registration The full guide to simplified vs normal GST/HST registration, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Economic nexus thresholds by state Its own page: economic nexus thresholds by state — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Amending a filed return — all three countries Everything on amending a filed return three countries, at the same depth as this page.
CRA Voluntary Disclosures Program — offshore and unreported income IRS offshore voluntary disclosure program — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Form NR4 Summary — the return filed with the slips The full guide to NR4 summary return, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Non-resident trusts (s.94) Its own page: non-resident trusts (s.94) — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Form 8975 — country-by-country report Everything on form 8975 country by country report, at the same depth as this page.

Who we help

Tax for teachers abroad Everything on teachers abroad tax, at the same depth as this page.
Touring musicians — relief you're probably missing Touring musicians relief you're probably missing — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Mining & energy cross-border tax The full guide to mining & energy cross border tax, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Airline pilots — your filing calendar Its own page: airline pilots your filing calendar — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Technology & SaaS — what you owe in each country Everything on technology & saas what you owe in each country, at the same depth as this page.
IT contractors — what we charge It contractors what we charge — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Tax for missionaries & clergy The full guide to missionaries & clergy tax, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
IT contractors — relief you're probably missing Its own page: it contractors relief you're probably missing — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Day traders — what we charge Everything on day traders what we charge, at the same depth as this page.

The corridors we work every week

Czechia tax for expats — country guide Everything on czechia tax for expats, at the same depth as this page.
Indonesia tax for expats — country guide Indonesia tax for expats — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
Latvia tax for expats — country guide The full guide to latvia tax for expats, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Uzbekistan tax for expats — country guide Its own page: uzbekistan tax for expats — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
US–Australia tax corridor Everything on US Australia tax, at the same depth as this page.
Hong Kong tax for expats — country guide Hong Kong tax for expats — the guide, the FAQ and the fixed fee.
US–Germany tax corridor The full guide to US Germany tax, with the fee fixed before any work starts.
Canada–United Kingdom tax corridor Its own page: Canada United Kingdom tax — mechanism, deadlines and published fees.
Lithuania tax for expats — country guide Everything on lithuania tax for expats, at the same depth as this page.

Files that look like this one

Case study 1

Canadian Pension Paid Abroad and Taxed at the Flat Rate

Pension and annuity payments to a non-resident carry a flat withholding that often exceeds what a return would produce. The alternative filing is elective, and whether it helps depends on the total income for the year rather than on the payment alone.

Read how this one runs
Case study 2

The Same Income Taxed Twice on Paper

Relief usually exists and is lost to sequence: one country taxes at source and the other credits it, and preparing them in the wrong order claims a credit against a figure nobody has computed.

Read how this one runs
Case study 3

A Company Abroad Owned by a US Person

A business incorporated where the owner lives is a foreign corporation to the IRS, with a reporting package of its own and schedules that need local accounts restated. Classification comes first, because it decides what is reportable and when profits are taxed.

Read how this one runs
Case study 4

An Indian Company Paying a Foreign Supplier

Payments abroad carry deduction at source and a certification filed before the money moves. Whether the treaty reduces the rate depends on what is being bought, and the classification is the decision the whole filing rests on.

Read how this one runs
Case study 5

An Assignment Priced Without Counting the Days

Nearly every relief in a mobility file — treaty exemption, residence, social security — is decided by a day count that has to be evidenced. The engagement puts the tracking in place at the start, because it cannot be reconstructed at the end.

Read how this one runs
Case study 6

Which Country Taxes the Salary

The employment article turns on where the work is done, who pays, and who bears the cost — three tests that can point in different directions. The file establishes all three before either return is drafted.

Read how this one runs
Case study 7

Paying a Beneficiary Who Lives Abroad

Distributions to a non-resident beneficiary carry withholding and a designation that decides its rate. Getting the designation right before the payment avoids recovering the difference through a return afterwards.

Read how this one runs
Case study 8

Never Filed a US Return — and Only Just Found Out

Born in the United States, left as an infant, and told by a bank that the returns were owed all along. The work is sequencing: establish which years are actually open, choose the catch-up route on the facts rather than filing quietly, and claim the exclusions and credits that were never taken.

Read how this one runs

All case studies — every published engagement in one place.

Core International & Cross-Border Tax Services

International Tax Planning & Advisory

Strategy and compliance for income, assets and families spread across borders.

One coordinating team: filings on every side of the border are sequenced so treaty relief and foreign tax credits are claimed once — and in the right country.

U.S. & Cross-Border Tax Returns

Dual filers: U.S. citizens in Canada and Canadians with U.S. income run two parallel systems — we prepare both, in the right order, every year.

Expat & Emigration Tax

The move year is its own project: the elections and valuations filed that year decide the next decade of both countries’ returns.

Non-Resident Canadian Tax

Default withholding is 25% of gross: elective returns routinely turn over-withheld rent and pensions into refunds.

Transfer Pricing & BEPS

Documentation prepared with the return is the cheapest insurance in international tax; reconstructing it during an audit is the most expensive.

Cross-Border Estates & Trusts

Wills drafted for one country routinely misfire in the other — deemed disposition here, estate tax there, credits in between.

Cross-Border Corporate Tax

Expansion raises the same four questions every time — entity, PE, repatriation, payroll. We answer them before the tax authorities do.

India Tax for NRIs & Returning Residents

The deduction is taken on the sale price, not the gain — which is why an NRI property sale strands cash unless the certificate is applied for before closing.

Canadian Tax with a Foreign Element

Residency is decided on facts, not on a form — and the year you arrive or leave is the one where the largest amounts turn on the smallest details.

UAE Tax for Expats & Their Home Country

A zero-tax country is only half the answer — the question that decides the bill is whether the country you came from still treats you as resident.

Industries & Client Types We Serve Worldwide

Global E-commerce & Marketplaces
Technology & SaaS
Professional Services Firms
Cross-Border Real Estate
Importers, Exporters & Manufacturers
Athletes, Artists & Entertainers
Remote Workers & Digital Nomads
Investment Funds & Holding Companies

Global E-commerce & Marketplaces

  • Foreign VAT / GST / sales tax registrations
  • Marketplace withholding reviews
  • Inventory nexus & PE analysis
  • Multi-currency books reconciled
Explore E-commerce & Marketplaces

Technology & SaaS

  • Cross-border revenue sourcing & withholding
  • IP structuring with real substance
  • Equity for cross-border teams
  • U.S. expansion: entity & PE setup
Explore Technology & SaaS

Importers, Exporters & Manufacturers

  • Transfer pricing documentation (s.247)
  • Customs value vs transfer price
  • Foreign affiliate reporting (T1134)
  • Country-by-country reporting
Explore Trade & Manufacturing

Athletes, Artists & Entertainers

  • Reg 105 & U.S. CWA agreements
  • Multi-state & country calendars
  • Touring income allocation
  • Royalty & image-rights withholding
Explore Athletes & Entertainers

Remote Workers & Digital Nomads

Working from anywhere doesn't mean taxed nowhere: residency defaults, employer payroll exposure and treaty relief decide where income actually lands.

Working from another country does not by itself end tax residence in the one you left, and it can start one where you are sitting. Day counts, ties, the employer's own exposure and the treaty tie-breaker all point at the same question, and the year you move is the year it has to be answered on paper.

  • Residency analysis before moving
  • Employer payroll exposure
  • Totalization & social security
  • Foreign tax credits
Explore Remote Workers

Investment Funds & Holding Companies

  • Treaty access & PPT reviews
  • FAPI & surplus computations
  • Withholding-efficient routing
  • Governance & substance
Explore Funds & Holdcos

Our practitioners are alumni of leading accounting and tax institutions

Where our partners studied — CPA Canada (In-Depth Tax Program), AICPA, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the Malaysian Institute of Accountants.

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